References
Every clinical statement on ucolitis.org is grounded in the published medical literature. The references below are the peer-reviewed sources cited throughout this site, listed in order of first appearance. Each was harvested from the site's own citations and verified against the U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Last verified July 2026.
- Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: report of a Working Party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology.
- Ulcerative colitis.
- Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; final report on a therapeutic trial.
- Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study.
- Developing an instrument to assess the endoscopic severity of ulcerative colitis: the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS).
- ACG Clinical Guideline: Ulcerative Colitis in Adults.
- Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.
- Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.
- Tofacitinib as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis.
- Ustekinumab as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis.
- Ciclosporin versus infliximab in patients with severe ulcerative colitis refractory to intravenous steroids: a parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial.
- Infliximab versus ciclosporin for steroid-resistant acute severe ulcerative colitis (CONSTRUCT): a mixed methods, open-label, pragmatic randomised trial.
- The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Surgical Management of Ulcerative Colitis.
- European evidence based consensus on surgery for ulcerative colitis.
- Ileal pouch anal anastomosis: analysis of outcome and quality of life in 3707 patients.
- AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Pouchitis and Inflammatory Pouch Disorders.
- Threefold increased risk of infertility: a meta-analysis of infertility after ileal pouch anal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis.
- SCENIC international consensus statement on surveillance and management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease.
- The risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis.
- The management of the hospitalized ulcerative colitis patient: the medical-surgical conundrum.
- Acute severe ulcerative colitis: defining the precise moment for colectomy.
- Factors Associated With Response to Rescue Therapy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis.
- The use of infliximab for treatment of hospitalized patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis.
- Surgical management of acute colitis and toxic megacolon.
- Rescue Diverting Loop Ileostomy: An Alternative to Emergent Colectomy in the Setting of Severe Acute Refractory IBD-Colitis.
- Progression of flat low-grade dysplasia to advanced neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis.
- Management of Pouch Neoplasia.
- Indications and Options for Surgery in Ulcerative Colitis.
- Operative strategy modifies risk of pouch-related outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis on preoperative anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy.
- Possible overuse of 3-stage procedures for active ulcerative colitis.
- Modified Two-stage Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Results in Lower Rate of Anastomotic Leak Compared with Traditional Two-stage Surgery for Ulcerative Colitis.
- Modified-two-stage versus three-stage approach in ileoanal pouch surgery for ulcerative colitis.
- Is diversion free ileal pouch-anal anastomosis a safe procedure? A meta-analysis of 4973 cases.
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery for Ulcerative Colitis.
- Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Era of Biologics.
- The effect of restorative proctocolectomy on sexual function, urinary function, fertility, pregnancy and delivery: a systematic review.
- Does laparoscopic ileal pouch-anal anastomosis reduce infertility compared with open approach?
- Minimally invasive total proctocolectomy with Brooke ileostomy for ulcerative colitis.
- When Patients With IBD Require an Ostomy: Evidence-Based Answers to 10 Common Clinical Questions in IBD Surgery.
- Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis: ileorectal vs ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
- The Fate of the Rectum in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
- Long-term outcome and quality of life after continent ileostomy for ulcerative colitis: A systematic review.
- Continent Ileostomy as an Alternative to End Ileostomy.
- Preoperative Corticosteroid Usage and Hypoalbuminemia Increase Occurrence of Short-term Postoperative Complications in Chinese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.
- Postoperative Steroid Taper Is Associated With Pelvic Sepsis After Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis.
- Preoperative use of anti-TNF therapy and postoperative complications in inflammatory bowel diseases: a meta-analysis.
- A Multicentre Evaluation of Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage After Restorative Proctocolectomy with Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
- Should ileoanal pouch surgery be staged for patients with mucosal ulcerative colitis on immunosuppressives?
- Preoperative infliximab is not associated with an increased risk of short-term postoperative complications after restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
- Tofacitinib Is Associated With Increased Risk of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
- Postoperative Outcomes in Tofacitinib-Treated Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Colectomy.
- Prospective Cohort Study to Investigate the Safety of Preoperative Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Exposure in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Intra-abdominal Surgery.
- Biologics Before Surgery Are Not Associated With Complications After Surgery for IBD: A National Surgery Quality Improvement Program IBD Collaborative Causal Inference Analysis.